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TokyoDev Developer Survey 2025

Technology

⚙️ Programming Languages

Python took first place for the most popular language.

While programming language choice did correlate with total compensation, this seems largely explained by differences in experience. Elixir, Kotlin, and Swift users had the highest median pay at ¥12.5 million, with median experience levels of 18, 10.5, and 10 years respectively. In contrast, Dart and PHP users had the lowest pay at ¥5.5 million and the least amount of experience at 5 years.

Which programming languages do you regularly use at your job?
Multiple
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1

Python

+1
409
2

JavaScript

-1
399
3

TypeScript

373
4

HTML/CSS

333
5

SQL

312
6

Bash/Shell

252
7

Java

147
8

Go

119
9

Ruby

108
10

C++

+1
104
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents
878
87%
10

🌐 Web Frameworks

React remained the most popular web framework.

Which web frameworks do you regularly use at your job?
Multiple
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1

React

306
2

Next.js

151
3

Rails

+1
101
4

FastAPI

+2
99
5

Spring

96
6

Vue.js

-3
89
7

Django

78
8

Express

59
9

Flask

+2
54
10

jQuery

-1
53
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents

Unlike last year's survey, this year the question above let respondents select “None of the above” as an option instead of having to skip the question altogether.

The year-over-year decline shown here is almost certainly due to this increase in total question participation, and not to any real-world trend.

796
79%
10

📖 Other Frameworks and Libraries

Which other frameworks and libraries do you regularly use at your job?
Multiple
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1

NumPy

141
2

Pandas

138
3

Torch/PyTorch

98
4

Spring

70
5

scikit-learn

+3
67
6

OpenCV

+1
59
7

TensorFlow

+2
57
8

.NET

-2
55
9

React Native

+2
52
10

Apache Kafka

-5
51
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents

Unlike last year's survey, this year the question above let respondents select “None of the above” as an option instead of having to skip the question altogether.

The year-over-year decline shown here is almost certainly due to this increase in total question participation, and not to any real-world trend.

644
64%
10

☁️ Cloud Platforms

AWS remained the most popular cloud platform.

Which cloud platforms do you regularly use at your job?
Multiple
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1

AWS

541
2

Google Cloud

257
3

Azure

112
4

Cloudflare

+1
71
5

Firebase

-1
70
6

Vercel

47
7

Heroku

18
8

Digital Ocean

11
9

🚫 None

97
10

Other Answers

51
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents

Unlike last year's survey, this year the question above let respondents select “None of the above” as an option instead of having to skip the question altogether.

The year-over-year decline shown here is almost certainly due to this increase in total question participation, and not to any real-world trend.

821
81%
10

🛠️ Software Engineering Practices

Greater use of English correlated with a higher adoption rate of software engineering best practices, even among those working at Japanese-headquartered companies.

For example, 70% of respondents who used English frequently or always said their employer used continuous integration, compared to 45% who rarely or never did. Similarly, 63% of frequent English users worked at organizations with monitoring and logging, compared to 34% of infrequent users. For automated testing, the figures were 59% versus 28%, and for infrastructure as code, 49% versus 25%. The only practice more common among infrequent English users was waterfall development, used by 30% compared to 15% of frequent users.

Which of the following software engineering practices does your current employer use?
Multiple
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1

Version Control

685
2

Code Reviews

655
3

Continuous Integration

571
4

Agile Development

539
5

Monitoring and Logging

514
6

Continuous Deployment/Delivery

511
7

Automated Testing

467
8

Infrastructure as Code (IaC)

372
9

Blameless Postmortems

227
10

Pair Programming

180
11

Waterfall Development

129
12

🚫 None

33
13

Other Answers

10
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents
855
85%
10

🏞️ Social Media

Among respondents with native or bilingual Japanese ability, the most popular social media platform was Twitter/X, used by 57%, compared to 25% of native or bilingual English speakers. Conversely, Reddit was the most popular among native English speakers, used by 55%, compared to 34% of native Japanese speakers.

Most respondents found out about the survey by other means, but if they did discover the survey through social media, Reddit and LinkedIn were the most common sources.

Which social media sites do you use regularly?
Multiple
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1

Instagram

421
2

LinkedIn

402
3

Reddit

399
4

Twitter/X

266
5

Facebook

189
6

Bluesky

80
7

TikTok

56
8

Threads

47
9

Mastodon

34
10

🚫 None

86
11

Other Answers

23
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents
852
84%
10